The manufacturers of automobiles know the value of data, and they’re not so willing to fork it over to their partners, Apple and Google.

As cars get “smarter” and better able to link up with smartphones via vehicle infotainment systems, tech giants like Apple and Google know that the data their smartphones can tap into could continue to increase their market edge — but carmakers are saying not so fast, according to a The Hindu report.

Instead, automakers are holding onto that data, preventing access in the hopes that it will figure out a way to monetize the information they have access to and therefore grab potentially billions of dollars in e-commerce — although they still have a lot of work to do to figure out how to use that data.

But they know that data is power, and so do Apple and Google, which had been hoping to take advantage of that access. They’ve already pulled in huge revenues by providing products and services to users ranging from digital music to targeted advertising. And by partnering with automakers in the form of CarPlay from Apple and Android Auto from Google, they’ve found potentially a new market area. But automakers don’t want them gleaning that data from cars’ computer systems, with one Ford official explicitly saying that automakers need to control access to that data so they can create value from it.

The information automakers are protecting include data from functional systems like steering and throttle, as well as how far a car can go before it runs out of gas.