Geckos – they’re the most amazing acrobats in the animal kingdom, at least when it comes to sticking to and climbing walls. Though science has made progress in determining how they do so with such ease, researchers at Oregon State University have discovered how the gecko is able to toggle between “sticky” and “not sticky.”

It all has to do with “seta,” tiny branch-like hairs on their toes that allow them to stick to things using some very advanced molecular-level physics. What’s more, they can turn it on or off instantly, with virtually zero energy use. Since 2000, science has known that geckos take advantage of van der Waals forces. Now, they’re finding out how just incredible they really are.

“These are really fascinating nanoscale systems and forces at work,” said Alex Greaney, an assistant professor in the OSU College of Engineering. “It’s based not just on the nature of the seta but the canted angles and flexibility they have, and ability to work under a wide range of loading conditions.”

The energy (not) used in operating the seta is what has scientists buzzing. Somehow, the gecko is able to coordinate it such that even when hanging upside down, it can run 20 body lengths per second, lifting and adhering each foot with remarkable precision. They’ve also discovered that the forces involved would actually allow for the gecko to support 50 times its bodyweight, completely upside down.

Now, science is scrambling to uncover potential applications for the newfound low-energy adhesive effects. It’s entirely possible that better adhesives are on the horizon, or even more efficient robots.